2022 national biofuels policies
Use of biofuels in the EU varies by Member State, depending on how countries choose to meet their targets for renewables in transport and for reduction of greenhouse-gas intensity of fuels under the Fuel Quality Directive. Some Member States set an overall biofuels incorporation target; some set separate targets for biofuels in petrol or diesel or both; others rely solely on targets for the reduction of carbon intensity in fuels.
The chart below includes detailed biofuels obligations for all EU Member States and the U.K. To download the full table of biofuels obligations in 2022, click here.
| Country | Type | Minimum overall biofuel target (%) | Advanced biofuel target [1] (%) | Biofuel in petrol (%) | Biofuel in diesel (%) | Reduction of GHG intensity of fuels (%) |
|
Austria |
Energy | 5.75 [2] | 0.5 | 3.4 | 6.3 | -6 |
|
Belgium |
Energy | 10.2 | 0.11 [3] | 6.5 | 6.5 | -6 |
|
Bulgaria* |
Volume Energy |
– – |
1 (in diesel) 0.05 |
9 – |
6 – |
-6 |
|
Croatia* |
Energy | 8.81 | – | 0.1 | 8.71 | -6 |
|
Cyprus* |
Energy | 7.3 | – | – | – | -6 |
|
Czechia |
Volume | – | 0.22 | 4.1 | 6 | -6 |
|
Denmark |
Energy | – | – | – | – | -6 [4] |
|
Estonia |
Energy | 7.5 [5] | 0.5 | – | – | -6 |
|
Finland |
Energy | 19.5 [6] | 2 | – | – | -6 |
|
France |
Energy | – | 1.6 (in petrol) 1 (in diesel) |
9.2 [7] | 8.4 [7] | -10 |
|
Germany |
Energy | – | 0.2 | – | – | -7 [8] |
|
Greece* |
Volume Energy |
– – |
0.2 – |
– 3.3 |
7 – |
-6 |
|
Hungary |
Energy | 8.4 | 0.2 | 6.1 (RON 95 petrol) | 0.2 | -6 |
|
Ireland |
Volume | 13 | – | – | – | -6 |
|
Italy |
Energy | 10 | 2 | – | – | -6 |
|
Latvia* |
Volume | – | – | 9.5 (RON 95) and 5 (RON 98) | 6.5-7 (except in winter) | -6 |
|
Lithuania |
Volume | 6.8 | 0.2 | 10 [9] | 7 | -6 |
|
Luxembourg* |
Energy | 7.7 [10] | – | – | – | -6 |
|
Malta* |
Energy | 10 | 0.1 | – | – | -6 |
|
Netherlands |
Energy | 17.9 | 1.8 | – | – | -6 [11] |
|
Poland |
Energy | 8.8 | – | 3.2 | 5 | -6 |
|
Portugal* |
Volume | 11 | 0.5 | – | – | -10 |
|
Romania |
Volume | – | – | 8 | 6.5 | -6 |
|
Slovakia |
Volume Energy |
– 8.2 |
– 0.3 (single- counted) |
9 – |
6.9 – |
-6 |
|
Slovenia* |
Energy | 10.1 [12] | 0.2 | – | – | -6 |
|
Spain |
Energy | 10 [13] | 0.2 | – | – | – |
|
Sweden |
– | – | – | – | – |
Petrol -7.8 Diesel -30.5 |
|
UK |
Volume | 12.6 [14] | 0.9 | – | – | – |
* For these countries data refer to 2021 levels
[1] After double-counting
[2] Palm oil biofuels excluded since 1 July 2021
[3] Double counting at 0.95%
[4] At least 3.4% must be reached with fuels only. Palm and soy oil biofuels excluded
[5] Crop-based biofuels capped at 4.5%
[6] Double-counting of advanced not possible anymore
[7] Palm and soy oil biofuels excluded
[8] Caps (in e/e): crop-based biofuels at 4.4%; high-ILUC Risk biofuels at 0.9%; UER at 0.9%
[9] Optional for 98 octane petrol
[10] 9.7% after double counting. Advanced biofuels must represent at least 50% of the biofuels mix after double counting
[11] UER can no longer be used for compliance with art. 7a of the FQD
[12] Obligation for renewable energy in transport, to be achieved through the use of biofuels, renewable electricity, RCF, RFNBOs
[13] High ILUC-risk biofuels cap (including palm oil, oil palm fresh fruit bunches, PFAD, palm kernel oil and palm kernel shells oil) at 3.1%
[14] Crop cap at 3.67%